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A spinal deformity is an alteration in the shape or structure of the spine, often appearing as an abnormal curvature or misalignment of the spine. Congenital spinal deformities are due to abnormal vertebral development during the fetal and/or postnatal (after birth) periods. Adult spinal deformities often develop during growth in adolescence or as a result of aging and in some cases they can progress during the adult years as well.
Types of spinal deformity that are either found at birth or develop over a lifetime include:
- Scoliosis – a spinal deformity in which the normal straight alignment of the spine from the front is affected by a curve to the left or right.
- Kyphosis – a condition where the upper back curves forward, sometimes creating the appearance of a hump in the back.
- Lordosis – a spinal deformity that occurs when the lower back curves inward more than normal.
If left untreated, congenital spinal deformities can continue to progress throughout life and have the potential to result in cosmetic issues, functional issues, and occasionally painful and sometimes dangerous curvatures. Alternatively, over time adult spinal deformities can create abnormal strains and loads on the spine, leading to pain, degeneration of spinal structures, stenosis and cosmetic problems as well. In severe cases, breathing also may be affected and spinal deformity surgery may be recommended. The goals of both congenital and adult spinal deformity treatment are to stop the progression, normalize spinal function, and minimize any associated painful problems and often relieve pressure on the nerve. Your physician will help determine an accurate diagnosis and advise you on the best spinal treatment approach for you and your condition. |
